摘  要球阀具有流体阻力小，节省能源，流向不受限制，启闭快等优点。其综合技术性能比相同用途的其他阀门优越。本课题选用Q41F浮动球阀，通过对扭矩的计算，结果表明球体与阀座的摩擦扭矩占总扭矩的95%左右。故针对此项摩擦力矩，对球阀进行结构改进，通过增加凸起、凹进以减小前阀座的摩擦，设计平衡装置来平衡上游管道中流体和中央容室中流体的压力。为验证改进效果，对改进后的球阀进行扭矩计算。结果表明，改进后的扭矩降低到改进前的64。5%，且满足密封条件。但在球阀关闭位置时，阀塞前表面受流体的作用力相比改进前增加了，故在保证平衡装置能够顺利开启的条件下，应尽量减小球阀的开启角度。最后运用Solidworks软件对球阀进行三维建模与装配。84885

毕业论文关键词：球阀；结构设计；扭矩计算

Abstract Ball valve has a small fluid resistance, energy saving,The flow through the ball is not restricted, open and close fast and so on。 Its comprehensive technical is superior than the same purpose other than the valve。 This topic selects Q41F floating ball valve, through the calculation of torque, the results show that the ball and valve seat friction torque accounted for about 95% of the total torque。 Therefore, the friction torque of the valve, the structure of the ball valve to improve, by increasing the bump, concave to reduce friction, the design of the balance device to balance the flow of fluid in the upper reaches of the central chamber fluid pressure。 In order to verify the improvement effect, the improved ball valve is calculated。 The results show that the improved torque is reduced to 64。5% after the improvement, and the seal condition is satisfied。 But in the ball valve closed position, before the surface of the valve plug by the force of the fluid compared to improve before the improvement, so that the balance device to ensure the smooth opening of the conditions, should try to reduce the opening angle of the ball valve。 Finally the use of Solidworks software for three-dimensional modeling and assembly of the ball valve。 

Keywords：ball valve; architectural design; Torque calculation

目  录

第一章 绪论 1

1。1 研究的目的和意义 1

1。2 国内外研究现状 1

1。3 浮动球阀结构 3

1。4 球阀的特点 3

1。5 球阀的结构类型 4

1。6 主要研究内容和目标 5

第二章 浮动球阀的结构设计与计算 6

2。1 总体方案的确定 6

2。2 球阀主要尺寸计算 7

2。2。1 球体直径的确定 7

2。2。2 必需比压的计算 7

2。2。3 许用比压的计算及选择 8

2。2。4 设计比压及计算 9

2。2。5 密封力的计算 10

2。2。6 浮动球阀密封力的计算 11

2。2。7 球阀总扭矩计算 15

3。2。8 球阀阀杆与填料之间的摩擦力及摩擦力矩的计算 17

3。2。9 止推垫的摩擦力和摩擦扭矩的计算 19

3。2。10 球体与阀座之间的扭矩计算 19