摘要大口径火炮在发射过程中的后坐力很大，而牵引火炮的大架很长，这使得大架的刚度和强度不容易保证。本课题分析了原火炮大架的结构及受力特点，利用有限元软件HyperMesh建立了原大架的有限元模型，并结合后坐部分、摇架、上架、下架和土壤的有限元模型，装配得到全炮的有限元模型。通过inp文件格式将全炮有限元模型转入ABAQUS求解器分别进行静态刚强度仿真和瞬态动力学仿真，得到大架及其他部件应力分布云图和位移分布云图，及动态响应曲线，从中发现了原大架的薄弱环节。60827

采用三种方式对大架设计方案进行优化，即改变大架的张开角度、增加加强筋和辅助支撑，计算分析了不同的优化方案对大架刚度及炮口振动的影响，从而确定了较优方案。优化方案与原始方案相比，在静态分析中，大架最大应力、大架最大位移和摇架筒前端位移均得到了有效地降低，显著提高了大架的刚度和强度；在动态分析中优化方案有效降低了炮口振动。本课题的研究方法对大架设计具有一定的理论参考价值。

毕业论文关键词有限元分析  火炮大架  优化设计  刚度  强度 

毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要

Title Optimization Design of the Large Caliber Artillery Trail

Abstract

Stiffness and strength of the artillery trail is not easy to guarantee because of great recoil force and the long trail. The structure and load characteristics of the artillery trail are analyzed, and a finite element model of the original artillery is established using software HyperMesh. The model of the whole gun is assembled by the finite element model of recoiling parts, cradle, top carriage, under carriage and soil. The model is imported into the software ABAQUS to simulate the stiffness and strength in static state, and simulate the transient dynamics. The displacement contours, stress contours and the dynamic response curve of the trail and other components are obtained. Then the weakness of the original trail is found.

Three schemes as changing the opening angle of artillery trail, adding the stiffeners and auxiliary support are used to optimized the original artillery trail. The better design scheme is found by calculating the influence of different schemes to the stiffness of trail and the vibration of muzzle. Compared with the original scheme, the maximum stress and maximum displacement of the artillery trail and the maximum displacement of the cradle are effectively decreased in static analysis, and the vibration of muzzle is decreased in dynamic analysis. The stiffness and intensity of trail are effectively enhanced. The method can provide theoretical reference to design of the gun trail.

Keywords finite element analysis  artillery trail  optimization design  stiffness  strength

1  绪论 1

1.1  本文的选题背景及研究意义 1

1.2  有限元法 1

1.2.1  有限元法概况 1

1.2.2  有限元法的国内外发展状况 2

1.2.3  有限元软件的选择 3

1.3  火炮大架 3

1.3.1  火炮大架的研究现状 3

1.3.2  大架的工作原理 4

1.4  本文主要内容 5

2  原火炮大架有限元建模及分析 6

2.1  火炮大架模型的几何清理