摘   要水稻是一年生的禾本科植物，是我国一种重要的粮食作物。但是随着社会发展，我国人口的不断增加，而种植水稻的土地面积却一直减少。所以能否培育优质高产的水稻就成为了关系人民温饱和社会稳定发展的重要课题。随着分子生物学的不断发展，水稻的增产可以依靠科学的水稻育种方法-分子育种。因而通过克隆耐盐基因并通过分子辅助选择培育耐盐性水稻，已成为水稻育种的重要研究方向之一。在前期工作中，我们分离到一个衰老突变体els2，此突变体同时表现出对盐更敏感表型。同时我们对els2表型特征进行分析，发现突变体在三周左右出现类病斑，且在抽穗期叶片早于野生型衰老。植物的酶促反应，电子传递链中的线粒体，叶绿体和一部分小分子有机物会自动氧化反应产生过氧离子和过氧化氢等，但它们会立刻被植物细胞内的SOD、POD、CAT等保护酶所清除，来达到一种生理平衡，而POD，SOD，CAT等保护酶是植物保护体内的保护酶系统，它们之间共同协作，相互协调，去除所得到活性氧，就能保护膜构造。在衰老或逆境环境下，这些抗氧化酶活性发生变化，因此本研究测定了SOD和POD活性以及DAB染色，发现突变体els2这两种酶活性明显升高，且els2叶片出现棕色斑点，表明突变体中活性氧积累，导致自由基平衡系统以及细胞膜结构遭到破坏。因此推测活性氧积累是叶片出现斑点以及耐盐缺失的原因之一。88961

毕业论文关键词：耐盐性； 水稻 ； 酶活性； 基因克隆

Abstract Rice is one of the most important cereal crops in china。  However, with the development of society the problem of increasing population  and reducing planting area had become to be the important issues in affecting people life。 。 Therefore, it is essential questions to produce high quality and high yield rice curently。  Salt tolerance is one of the important research directions in rice breeding。 In the previous work, we isolated a rice mutant of leaf senescence, and the mutant also showed a deficiency in salt resistance。 However,  the molecular mechanism of ELS2 how to regulate  salt tolerance is still not clear。 The previous study had shown that  variety of enzymes activity under salt should be changed, because of  the plant of enzymatic reactions, the electron transport chain in mitochondria, chloroplasts and some small organic molecules will automatically produce oxygen ions and hydrogen peroxide oxidation reaction, In this paper, the peroxidase activity of rice plants under normal growth and salt stress were determined。                                                               We found the SOD and POD levels were higher, the brown spots that ROS accumulation in the mutant, leading to a radical balance system and the structure of cell membrane was damaged, so that the accumulation of active oxygen is one of the reasons of blade spots and salt loss。源Q于D优G尔X论V文Y网wwW.yOueRw.com 原文+QQ75201`8766

Key words: Salt tolerance; rice; enzyme activity; plant genetics; mapping-cloning

目 录

1。 引言 5

1。1  研究的目的与意义 5

2 材料与方法 5

2。1  实验材料 5

2。1。1 材料 5

2。1。2 试剂 5

2。2 实验方法 6

3 结果与From优T尔K论M文L网wWw.YouERw.com 加QQ75201^8766 分析