摘要自 20 世纪 80 年代始，解决问题就成了全球数学课程改革的焦点问题。直至今天，结 合具体的问题情境，培养学生解决问题的能力仍是我国小数科研中的一项重要工作。但是目 前国内外相关研究大都集中在解决问题的相关策略上和学生的心理认知水平，而较少的涉及 问题情境的类型对解决问题的影响性研究。因此,笔者就数学问题情境的呈现方式对小学生 选择问题表征方式的影响进行相关研究。本文参考众多文献，对问题情境的外部表征（呈现 方式）和内部表征（问题表征方式）下定义，选取杭州市三所小学共 209 名学生为调查对象， 对其进行调查问卷，对不同层次的学生进行访谈。通过定性和定量相结合的分析,得到如下 四点结论:（1）小学生最喜欢问题情境以“文字+图片型”呈现；(2)呈现方式的不同对学生 选择问题表征方式构不成很大的影响;(3)性别之间在选择喜爱的呈现方式时存在差异（4） 不同年级之间的学生在选择喜爱的呈现方式时存在差异；笔者希望通过该研究对教材编写及 一线教师提出相关建议。88270

毕业论文关键词:呈现方式；小学生；问题表征方式；影响

Abstract Since the beginning of the 1980s, solving the problem has become the focus of global mathematics curriculum reform。 Until today, combined with specific problem situations, the ability to develop students to solve the problem is still an important work in China's decimal research。 However, most of the relevant researches at home and abroad are focused on the strategies related to the problem and the psychological cognition level of the students, and the less influential research on the problem-solving type。 Therefore, the author studies the influence of the presentation of the problem of mathematics on the way of selecting the problem of the choice of primary school students。 In this paper, a total of 209 students in three primary schools in Hangzhou are selected as the subjects of the survey, and the questionnaires are carried out on the different levels of the questionnaire。 The questionnaire is defined by the external representation of the problem context (presentation mode) and internal representation (problem representation) Students are interviewed。 Through the analysis of qualitative and quantitative analysis, the following four conclusions are obtained: (1) The favorite situation of primary school students is presented with "text + picture type"; (2) The different ways of presentation of students' (4) differences between the different grades of students in the choice of favorite presentation when there is a difference; I hope that through the study of the textbook preparation and front-line teachers to make relevant recommendations

Key words: ways of presenting; primary school students; problem representation style; influence

目录

目录 3

第一章 绪论 4

1。1 选题背景 4

1。1。1 美国中小学数学课程标准中“问题解决”的研究与实践 4

1。1。2 中国义务教育课程标准中“问题解决”的研究与实践 5

1。2 研究问题 6

1。3 研究意义 6

第二章文献综述 7

2。1 关于数学问题情境呈现方式的文献综述 7

2。1。1 相关概念的界定及描述 7

2。1。2 数学问题情境的呈现方式 9