摘    要 李毅华说：“以说明为主要表达方式，对客观事物或事理进行介绍或解说的一种文体，它在日常生活中有着广泛的应用，在小学语文教材中具有重要的地位和价值。”  语文教材中的说明文承载着传播科普知识的作用，是文章对于某一特定事物的讲解和说明，是对事物原有面貌的一种介绍和揭示；在揭示事物之间存在的自然关系的同时也将事物的特性、结构都一一展现出来。90219

学生通过在课上学习说明文，认识这个广阔的世界，跟着作者一起探索大自然的奥秘，扩大自己的视野，增长智慧，从而学习语言，发展语言，培养阅读能力和良好的阅读习惯。小学语文课本中的说明文和我们接触的科学类知识短文比较，即使都表述科普性的内容和知识，但他们的目的和作用几乎都不一样。语文教材中的说明文注重人文性，科学教材中的知识短文注重工具性。

学习说明文可以帮助学生健全自己的逻辑思维能力，帮助学生能够严谨、认真地对待生活中的任一事物。如何将人文性和工具性一起集合于说明文的教学过程中呢？我想通过几个教学环节能够形成。

说明文以科学语言的严密性和规范性的基本特点，充分体现了语文学科的实用性和工具性，对提高学生的认知思考能力和阅读写作技能，具有重要的意义。但是教学过程中仍存在不少问题，有些教师专业知识薄弱，对文本的理解不够全面，片面重视文体知识的传授，将语文课上成科学课，教授科普知识，而忽视说明文中的语言特点，而且在课堂中未能让学生通过学习培养他的观察、思考能力，也未能培养他们自主阅读能力、探索精神，失去了说明文教学内容的价值意义。本文从小学说明文教学内容、教学方法出发，根据新课标的教学要求，充分剖析说明文教学现状中存在的问题，重新审视说明文教学中教学目标、教学重难点、教学内容、教学方法之间的和谐发展，让教师通过充分有效地划分课堂教学，提出三方面优化策略，培养学生的探索精神、培养学生信息筛选和概括能力，以及学习说明文精确的语言表达，提高说明文教学的教学效率，为语文课堂教学的健康多元发展，提供建议。90219

ABSTRACTLi Yihua said: "in order to illustrate the main means of expression, a style of introduction or explanation of objective things or reason, it has been widely used in daily life, has an important position and value in the primary school Chinese textbooks。" in the Chinese textbook exposition carrying the dissemination of scientific knowledge, is the for a specific thing explanation and instructions, is a matter of introduction and reveal the original appearance; in revealing the nature relationship between things but also the characteristics of things, the structure emerge。 Students learn expository writing in class, know the world, together with the poet to explore the nature of mysteries, expand their horizons and gain wisdom, thus learning language, language development, reading ability and good reading habits。 Primary school language textbooks in the exposition and contact us Comparison of scientific knowledge is short, even if the content and knowledge representation of science, but the purpose and function of their almost are not the same。 In the Chinese textbook exposition focus on the humanities, science and the knowledge in the textbook essay emphasis on tools。 Learning can help students improve their writing ability of logical thinking, help students to be rigorous, take seriously any things in life。 How will the teaching of Humanities and tools together to set the text? I think through several teaching links can be formed。 On the basic characteristics of expository rigor and normative scientific language, fully embodies the practicality and the tool of Chinese subject, to improve the students the cognitive ability of thinking and reading and writing skills, has important significance。 But there are still many problems in the process of teaching, some teachers' professional knowledge is weak, the text of Science The solution is not comprehensive enough, one-sided emphasis on stylistic knowledge, the Chinese class become a science professor, scientific knowledge, and ignore the language characteristics in expository texts, but not in the classroom to let students' thinking ability through learning culture, his observation, failed to explore and cultivate their independent reading ability, spirit, value lost exposition the contents of teaching。 From the primary school expository teaching content, teaching methods, according to the requirements of the new curriculum teaching, fully analyzed existing problems in the teaching of expository writing, re-examine in expository writing teaching objectives, teaching points, teaching content, teaching methods of the harmonious development between the teachers through the full and effective pision of classroom teaching and put forward three aspects optimization strategy, cultivate the spirit of exploration, the cultivation of students' information screening and generalization ability, learning and expository precise language expression, improve The efficiency of teaching in the teaching of expository writing, to provide suggestions for the health of Chinese classroom teaching persification。源Q于W优E尔A论S文R网wwW.yOueRw.com 原文+QQ75201,8766