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摘要家庭作业是学生学习的重要环节。长期以来，人们将家庭作业视为学生获得“知识与技能”的途径，但却忽视了获得知识的“过程与方法”，从而出现家庭作业负担过重等现象。在当前全面推行素质教育的形势下，正确处理与优化家庭作业势将教育改革推向高潮。58226
本文主要通过问卷调查法结合访谈法对初中科学家庭作业的现状进行了调查，并通过对调查结果进行数据整理与分析，发现当前我国初中科学家庭作业存在形式单一、盲目贪多、忽视学生实际学情等问题。针对这一调查结果，笔者通过对初一年级科学家庭作业进行了优化设计，并通过在实验班和对照班之间布置不同的作业进行教学实验，最终发现实验班学生更能接受科学作业。他们不仅在作业耗时上节省时间，而且更能够独立完成作业，学习成绩也有一定的提升。由此可见，本次作业优化取得了一定的实验效果，但也有其不足之处。而且由于实践时间较短，因而其推广实施还需要进一步完善和改进。
Abstract：
Homework is an important part of the students’ learning . For a long time, people regard homework as students’ way to get ‘knowledge and skill’, but ignore the knowledge of ‘process and method’, so there are heavily burdened with home assignments. In the current situation that the quality education is fully implenmenting, correct and optimize the homework set education reform to a climax.
This article mainly discusses the present conditions of the junior middle school science homework according to questionnaire investigation and interview method, as well as through the study of data collection and analysis of the results of the survey, found that the current junior middle school science homework problems in our country, such as form a single homework, blindly take on too much and ignore students’ actual learning. Alimed at the results, I take an optimized design for the first grade science homework, and through the experimental class and that in comparative class between different homework for teaching experiment, eventually I found that experimental class students can accept more scientific operation. Not only do they save time on the homework time, but also more likely to finish the homework independently. Of course their study result also have certain ascend. Thus it can be seen, this assignment optimization of certain experimental results have been achieved, but also has its disadvantages. Because the practice time is shorter, thus the promotion implementation also needs to further perfect and improve.
毕业论文关键词：初中科学； 家庭作业； 现状调查； 优化
Keyword: Junior high school science; homework; status survey; optimize
目 录
1绪论 4
1.1 问题的提出 4
1.2 研究的目的与意义 4
1.3 相关概念界定 4
1.3.1 家庭作业 4
1.3.2 优化 5
1.3.3 家庭作业优化 5
2文献综述 6
2.1初中科学家庭作业优化的理论基础 6
2.2国外关于家庭作业问题的研究 7
2.3国内关于家庭作业问题的研究 8
2.4已有研究的局限