摘  要：创设有效的问题情境，对于小学低年级数学课堂来说，能激发学生学习兴趣，促进思考，贯彻学生的主体性，增强学生的合作能力和创新能力，大幅提高课堂教学质量。随着科技的发展，教育思想的推动，创设问题情境越来越被重视。然而，现实中的问题情境的创设存在着现成无趣、花哨、缺乏真实性、创设手段单一，过度使用多媒体、提问偏离重点等问题。本文结合一些案例做出了反思，同时在问题情境创设的针对性原则、可接受性原则、参与性原则的基础上，提出在数学教学过程的导入新知阶段，创设故事问题情境；在巩固内化阶段，创设活动问题情境；在迁移提升阶段，创设生活问题情境。 66547

毕业论文关  键  词：小学教学,课堂教学,问题情境,对策

Abstract: The creation of effective problem situation, for primary school lower grade mathematics classroom, can stimulate the students' learning interest, promote thinking, carry out the students' subjectivity, enhance students' cooperation ability and innovation ability, can significantly improve the quality of classroom teaching. With the development of technology and the impetus of ideological education, the creation of problem situations is paid more and more attention. Creation of problem situation in reality, however, there exists the following problems: ready made and boring, fancy, lack of authenticity, single means, excessive use of multimedia, deviating from the key problems when asking questions, etc. This paper made a reflection on some cases. At the same time, according to the basic principle, the acceptability principle and the participatory principles, it puts forward some countermeasures. In the course of introduction stage, creating story problem situation; In strengthening internalization stage, creating problem situation; In migration phase of ascension, creating life problem situation.

Key words: Primary school teaching, Classroom teaching, Problem situation, Countermeasures

目  录

1  前言 4

2  对问题情境的理解 4

3  创设问题情境的意义 5

3.1  创设问题情境可以激发学习兴趣 5

3.2  创设问题情境可以促进思考积极性 5

3.3  创设问题情境可以培养合作能力 6

3.4  创设问题情境可以培养创新能力 6

3.5  问题情境教学可以贯彻学生主体性 6

4  小学低年级数学课堂教学中问题情境创设存在的问题 6

4.1  现成无趣的问题情境 6

4.2  过于花哨的问题情境 7

4.3  缺乏真实性的问题情境 8

4.4  问题情境创设手段单一，过度使用多媒体 8

4.5  教师提问偏离重点 9

5  问题情境创设的原则 10

5.1  针对性原则 10

5.2  可接受性原则 10

5.3  参与性原则 11

6   低年级小学数学课堂中问题情境创设的策略 11

6.1  创设故事问题情境，导入新知