摘 要近年来，人口的不断增多，导致了城市生活垃圾的数量与日俱增。生活垃圾的合理的处理成为了环境保护工程中不可忽略的关键性问题。目前，针对生活垃圾的处理方式仍然以填埋方式为主，尤其是我国在垃圾在产出时很难做到垃圾的分类回收处理，无法达到最为有效的处理效果。所以在生活垃圾处理中的分选处理工艺成为提高生活垃圾的回收利用率的重要手段。83137

本论文通过搜集国内外有关生活垃圾处理现状及处理设备研究发展现状的相关资料的基础上，整理归纳了生活垃圾处理设备的发展趋势，即结合当下现有的生活垃圾处理技术，实现使用机械与电气化控制的机电一体化综合设备进行垃圾的分选工作，提出了生活垃圾新型分选处理的一套方案流程。

通过分析生活垃圾的物理特性，设计了该分选流程中的一项处理设备，即扎选机的设计。进行了对扎选机分选生活垃圾的作用机理的研究，并提出了一种扎选分选的解决技术方案。在此基础上完成了扎选机总体方案的确定等关键问题。

依据扎选机的总体方案及相关技术参数，完成了扎选机传动方式的选择确定，对电机及传动部件进行了设计计算。完成了扎选机中关键零部件（轴、带轮、轴承等）的结构设计与详细的设计计算，并利用SolidWorks和AutoCAD软件绘制了扎选机的各个零部件三维模型并完成虚拟装配和零件及装配体的工程图，初步验证了扎选机其结构合理性。

毕业论文关键词：城市生活垃圾；分选处理；扎选机；结构设计

Abstract Constant population growth in recent years has led to a continuous increase in the quantity of municipal household refuse。 Reasonable disposal of household refuse has become a non-ignorable critical problem in environmental protection engineering。 At present, landfill is still a main means for household refuse disposal。 Especially in China, refuse is hard to collect by separation at source, so the best disposal effect is not achievable。 Therefore, separation process has become an important means for improving the recovery ratio of household refuse。

On the basis of collecting the domestic and foreign data related to the disposal status of household refuse and the R&D status of disposal equipment, this paper sorted out and summed up the development trends of household refuse disposal equipment。 In other words, this paper realized refuse separation with the aid of electromechanical integration equipment based on the existing refuse disposal technology, proposing a new separation process for household refuse。

By analyzing the physical characteristics of household refuse, this paper designed a disposal device, known as bundler, for this separation process。 The mechanism of this bundler’s action on household refuse separation was researched, and then a technical solution was proposed for bundling and separation。 On this basis, an overall scheme was made for the bundler, and other key problems were solved as well。

A drive mode was selected for the bundler, and meanwhile the motor and driving part were designed and calculated in accordance with the overall scheme of the bundler and its relevant technical parameters。 The structural design of the key components (shaft, band wheel and bearing) in the bundler was completed, so was a detailed design calculation。 A 3D model was built for the components and parts of the bundler, and an engineering drawing was made for virtual assembling, as well as the parts and assemblies, by SolidWorks and AutoCAD, preliminarily verifying the rationality of the bundler structure。

Keywords: household refuse, separation process, bundling, structural design

目 录

第一章  绪论 1

1。1 引言