摘要大麦（Hordeum vulgare L.）属于禾本科植物，是我国最古老的粮食种类之一，也是世界上第五大耕作谷物。其种植面积仅次于玉米、水稻、小麦位居世界第四位。其营养丰富，富含γ-氨基丁酸、黄酮等功能成分，具有较高的营养价值和医疗保健作用，一直受到人们的青睐。但大麦中含有重要的反营养因子—植酸，其含量的多少直接影响大麦的营养价值和人畜健康。因此探究大麦中植酸含量的遗传机制，对最终筛选大麦籽粒的优良基因，培养低植酸大麦品种是很重要的。71149

本研究以GP和H602为亲本构建的RIL群体（共124种品系）F6为研究对象，利用植酸的强大螯合性，选用三氯化铁比色法测定大麦植酸含量。测定的实验结果表明：在后代F6（124种）品系中，植酸含量最大值为最大值2.21mg/g，最小值0.34mg/g。群体的平均值含量为1.44mg/g，大多处于1.2 mg/g—1.8 mg/g之间，标准偏差为0.33。后代呈连续性分布，具有一定的超亲类型出现，从而可以进行数量性状基因定位。通过检测大麦植酸含量相关的数量性状基因座定位，检测到3个与植酸含量相关的QTL，分别位于第1H、2H、3H染色体上。各个与植酸含量相关的QTL（数量性状基因座）变异介于8.6%-26.5%之间。根据研究相关位点，剖析低植酸大麦的分子遗传机制,为大麦植酸含量基因的精细定位提供基础。最终培育筛选出低植酸大麦，显著改善大麦中磷的有效利用，提高大麦的营养价值并降低污染，这对我国农业事业具有重要意义。

毕业论文关键词：大麦； 植酸含量； QTL定位； 遗传分析

Abstract

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) belongs to the gramineous plants, which is one of the oldest typical grains in China and is also the world's fifth largest farming crop. Its planting area is second only to corn, rice, wheat, which is the fourth largest in the world. Its nutrition is rich, rich in gamma-aminobutyric acid, flavonoids and other functional component, which have high nutritional value and health care effect. It has been under the favour of people. But the barley contains important anti nutrition factor, phytic acid, the content of how much directly affects the nutritional value of barley and human and animal health. So to explore the genetic mechanism of phytic acid content in barley, good genes for final selection of barley grain, it is important to develop low phytic acid barley varieties.

This study based on GP and H602 parents build RIL population (a total of 124 kinds of strain F6) as the research object, using the powerful of phytic acid chelate, selecting the ferric trichloride colorimetric determination of phytic acid content in barley .Determination of the experimental results show that the offspring F6 (124) strain, phytic acid content in the maximum for a maximum of 2.21 mg/g, the minimum value of 0.34 mg/g. Group the average content of 1.44 mg/g, mostly at 1.2 mg/g, between 1.8 mg/g, the standard deviation of 0.33.Are distributed in offspring of continuity, has certain transgressive type, which can be quantitative trait gene positioning .By detecting the barley phytic acid content related quantitative trait loci, detected 3 QTL associated with phytic acid content, which located in 1 h, 2 h, 3 h chromosome. The phytic acid content related QTL (quantitative trait loci) variation between 8.6% to 26.5%.According to the related site, the analysis of the molecular genetic mechanism of the low phytic acid barley for fine mapping provides the basis of phytic acid content in barley gene. In the result, cultivate is out low phytic acid barley, which dramatically improves the effective utilization of phosphorus in the barley, improve the nutritional value of barley and reduce pollution, which is of great significance to our country agricultural enterprise.

  Keyword: Barley；Phytic acid content；QTL mapping；Genetic analysis