摘要：通过对消防史以及十九世纪至二十世纪英国火灾的研究，发现蒸汽机消防泵虽然在十九世纪三十年代就已经被爱立信所发明，但是直到十九世纪六十年代才正式开始被社会所接受，到了二十世纪二十年代由于内燃机开始投入使用，所以蒸汽机消防泵迅速被其取代。在发现这一现象之后，我搜集了大量的史料以及文献，分析了其背后可能的原因，主要包括人力成本的上升、当时主流思想对于蒸汽机消防泵的不支持、供水困难、科学理论不健全、气候脉动性所导致的火势变化、建筑形态的发展以及城市规模等等。除此之外我还分析了蒸汽机消防泵所留下的历史遗产，主要包括消防制度从志愿制度转变为职业消防制度、消防水源以及消防工具的改进等等。75015

毕业论文关键词： 消防史；蒸汽机消防泵；职业化消防制度；消防水技术

Steamer Pump in Firefighting History 

Abstract: Through the study of firefighting history and the great fires which happened in Britain during 1830s to 1860s, it was found that although the steamer pump was invented by Ericsson in the 1830s, it was not until the 1860s that the steam fire engines were accepted by the public。 Due to the practical application of the internal combustion engine in 1920s, the Steam fire engines were quickly being replaced。 After discovering this phenomenon, I collected a lot of historical materials and literature and analyzed the possible reasons behind it which including the rise of labor costs, the mainstream viewpoints on steamer firefighting, problems in water supply, lacking theory for improvements, pulsate demand as a result of climate pulsations, the development of architectural form, the city size and so on。 In addition, I also analyzed the historical heritage left by steamer pumps which includes the career firefighting, firefighting hydraulics, the improvement of fire tools and so on。 

Keywords: history of firefighting; steam fire engine; Career firefighting; firefighting hydraulics

Contents

摘要 i

Abstract i

Contents ii

1 Introduction 1

1。1 RESEARCH BACKGROUND AND SIGNIFICANCE 3

1。1。1 Research background 4

1。1。2 Research significance 5

1。2 CURRENT STATUS 6

1。2。1 Domestic Research Status 6

1。2。2 Overseas Research Status 7

1。3 MAIN RESEARCH CONTENTS AND METHODS 9

1。3。1 Main research contents 9

1。3。2 Main research methods 10

2 Great fires in the UK and the development of steam fire engines 11

2。1 THE GREAT FIRE OF EDINBURGH 11

2。2 THE GREAT FIRE OF NEWCASTLE AND GATESHEAD 12