摘    要

自闭症(Autism)又称孤独症，是因大脑、神经系统的发育障碍而引起的广泛性发育障碍（PDD），起病于3岁以前，主要特征是社交障碍、言语沟通障碍和刻板行为。其中，社交障碍是自闭症儿童最为核心的特征之一,主要包括缺乏目光注视、缺乏主动性语言等。85430

目前针对自闭症儿童教育康复的方法有很多，其中奥尔夫音乐治疗运用于特殊儿童临床治疗后，取得了一定的效果。它属于音乐教育领域的音乐治疗模式，通过唱、跳、游戏等音乐舞蹈艺术形式，帮助学生建立新的合适的反应方式 [ ]。

本研究选取2名年龄相仿的自闭症儿童作为研究对象，整个实验在一个特定空房间进行，采用单被试倒返实验设计，即A（基线期）-B（干预期）-A（追踪期）设计，根据研究对象的同伴交往方面的缺陷制定奥尔夫音乐治疗方案，包括目光注视训练、主动性语言训练、参与游戏训练，分别经过1个月、2个月的奥尔夫音乐治疗干预训练，研究者通过观察数据处理分析和研究对象前后变化反馈得到结论：奥尔夫音乐治疗提高了其主动性语言次数、参与游戏次数、增加目光注视时间，并在一定程度上促进了研究对象和同伴的关系建立，从而提高了其同伴交往能力。

Abstract

   Autism ,is due to the brain, nervous system developmental disorder caused by the extensive developmental disorders (PDD) onset before the age of 3, main characteristic is social disorder, speech communication disorders and stereotypic behaviors。 Among them, the social disorder is autistic disorder in children is one of the core features, including lack of eye gaze, lack of active language。

   Currently for autism have various interventions, which Orff music therapy using in clinic treatment of special children, and achieved certain effect。 It belongs to the music education in the field of music therapy mode, by singing, jump, games, music and dance art form, help the student students to establish a new suitable way to respond。

   This study selected two close in age children as the research object, throughout the experiment in a particular room, use of SINGLECASE reversal experimental design, namely a period (baseline) B (expected) - A (follow-up) design, Orff music therapy program is formulated according to the defects of the research object of peer interaction, including training gaze, active language training, to participate in the training game, after one or twe month of Orff music therapy intervention training, research by observing the data processing analysis and study subjects before and after changes in feedback, we come to the conclusion: Orr husband music therapy improves the active language number, participate in the number of games played, increase Time, and to a certain extent, promoted the establishment of the research object and peer relationship, thus improving the ability of peer interaction。

毕业论文关键词：自闭症儿童；奥尔夫音乐治疗；同伴交往能力

   Keyword:children with Autism;Orff music therapy;Peer intercourse ability 

目    录

摘    要 II

    关键词 II

1绪论 1

1。1研究背景与问题的提出 1

1。2研究意义 2

2 研究方法与设计 3

2。1研究目标与设计 3

2。2研究方法 3

3 奥尔夫音乐治疗的具体实施 9